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Clinically Studied Ingredients for Runners: The Science Behind Peregrune’s Multivitamin

Posted by George Parker on

The Science Behind Peregrune’s Formula

Every tablet of Peregrune’s Runner Multivitamin is guided by clinical evidence. Runners place extraordinary stress on their muscles, mitochondria, and metabolism—burning through micronutrients faster than sedentary adults.


Below we break down the peer-reviewed research behind each key ingredient in the formula: what it does for endurance performance and what science says about its broader health benefits.

Vitamin B Complex: The Engine Room of Endurance

For Runners and Endurance Athletes

B-vitamins drive the conversion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into ATP—the energy currency for muscle contraction.

  • B-Complex (Lee et al., Nutrients, 2023) – After 28 days, athletes receiving a full B-complex showed longer time-to-exhaustion and lower lactate compared to placebo.

  • Riboflavin (B₂) – In a 161 km ultramarathon (Hoffman et al., Nutrients, 2020*), runners who took riboflavin pre-race reported less muscle soreness and faster recovery.

  • Thiamin (B₁) – Essential for carbohydrate metabolism; low thiamin correlates with early fatigue and decreased VO₂ max in endurance tests.

  • Niacin (B₃) – Regulates NAD/NADH reactions central to energy transfer. Performance effects are neutral at nutritional doses—negative only at pharmacologic levels.

  • B₆, Folate, B₁₂ – Support red-blood-cell production and oxygen delivery, crucial for long training blocks.

For General Health

Controlled trials show B-complex supplementation improves cognition, mood, and fatigue under daily stress (Hum Psychopharmacol, 2013). Adequate folate / B₁₂ levels maintain nerve health and DNA synthesis—core to cellular repair after training.

Vitamin C: Recovery and Collagen Support

For Runners and Endurance Athletes

Vitamin C is a frontline antioxidant and key co-factor in collagen formation—the framework of tendons and fascia.

  • Bryer & Goldfarb (2006, Med Sci Sports Exerc) – 1 g/day vitamin C before prolonged running reduced muscle soreness and creatine-kinase rise.

  • Mastaloudis et al. (2004, Free Radic Biol Med) – Ultrarunners supplementing vitamins C + E had lower oxidative DNA damage post-race.

For General Health

Meta-analyses confirm vitamin C reduces oxidative stress biomarkers and supports connective-tissue repair—vital for joint and skin integrity.

Vitamin E: Protection from Oxidative Stress

For Runners and Endurance Athletes

  • Sacheck et al. (2003, FASEB J) – Vitamin E supplementation lowered lipid peroxidation after eccentric exercise.

  • Nikolaidis et al. (2012, Eur J Clin Nutr) – Combined C + E reduced muscle-damage markers in endurance athletes.
    Moderate doses protect cells without dampening adaptive mitochondrial signaling.

For General Health

Clinical studies show vitamin E lowers CRP and IL-6, preserving cellular membrane integrity against oxidative injury.

Vitamin D: Strength, Recovery, and Year-Round Health

For Runners and Endurance Athletes

  • Close et al. (2013, Med Sci Sports Exerc) – Correcting vitamin D deficiency improved sprint and jump performance in athletes.

  • Owens et al. (2015, J Sports Sci) – Supplementation enhanced muscle-protein synthesis after damaging exercise.

For General Health

Meta-analyses link adequate vitamin D status (≥30 ng/mL) to better bone density, muscle function, and mood regulation.
Peregrune includes 6.7 µg (268 IU) of vitamin D₃—an optimal maintenance dose for active adults training indoors or in winter months.

Vitamin A: Vision and Cellular Repair

For Runners and Endurance Athletes

While not a direct performance enhancer, vitamin A is essential for cellular turnover and night-vision acuity—useful for early-morning or low-light runs.
Experimental data (Smith et al., J Nutr Biochem, 2018*) show vitamin A influences muscle protein turnover via retinoic-acid pathways.

For General Health

Vitamin A supports epithelial integrity, immune readiness, and antioxidant synergy with vitamins C and E. Deficiency impairs recovery and tissue health even in adults.

Probiotics: Gut Integrity and Exercise Recovery

For Runners and Endurance Athletes

  • Lamprecht et al. (2012, Br J Nutr) – 12-week probiotic use in endurance athletes reduced oxidative stress and gut permeability after training.

  • Jäger et al. (2016, J Int Soc Sports Nutr) – Multi-strain probiotic improved tryptophan metabolism and lowered muscle soreness post-exercise.

For General Health

Meta-analyses show probiotics enhance gut-microbiome balance, nutrient absorption, and mood regulation via the gut–brain axis.

How Peregrune Applies the Science

Peregrune formulates with clinical precision, not megadosing.

  • Targeted support for oxidative recovery and cellular energy.

  • Balanced dosing that complements, not overrides, your training adaptations.

  • Formulated for runners who care about both performance and long-term health.

Your training deserves nutrients backed by real research—engineered by runners, for runners.

References

  1. Lee MC et al. Nutrients. 2023.

  2. Hoffman MD et al. Nutrients. 2020.

  3. Bryer SC & Goldfarb AH. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006.

  4. Mastaloudis A et al. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004.

  5. Sacheck JM et al. FASEB J. 2003.

  6. Nikolaidis MG et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012.

  7. Close GL et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013.

  8. Owens DJ et al. J Sports Sci. 2015.

  9. Smith CL et al. J Nutr Biochem. 2018.

  10. Lamprecht M et al. Br J Nutr. 2012.

  11. Jäger R et al. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016.

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